Description
The goals of this course are to develop an understanding of how hydrology can be used to secure water for people, based on a sound scientific understanding of hydrologic and hydraulic processes. This includes protection from excess water and from water shortage, as well as providing sufficient water for a sustainable environment. Furthermore, the aim is to introduce the basic elements of hydrologic cycle for surface and groundwater systems and to introduce national water resources system and Nile Basin Hydrology. Elements of the hydrologic cycle: measurements of rainfall, evaporation, surface runoff, methods of measuring levels. Introduction to water resources: Current issues in water resources engineering; hydrological processes; measuring fluxes; calculating catchment water balances, rainfall runoff analysis, and hydrograph. Introduction: Groundwater, importance of groundwater, Groundwater and geology, Types and physical properties of aquifers, Aquifer systems, and Groundwater hydraulics: Infiltration, Seepage, Percolation, Darcy’s law, Hydraulic conductivity measurements, Flow governing equations, Well hydraulics: Flow towards wells, Safe yield, Well construction, test and development, Well fields. Stream flow measurements: Selection of site, various methods of discharge measurements, Velocity area method, Surface Water method and other modern methods.